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A (No Model.)

T. B. SvTILL-lSJIAlSI. l APPARATUS- FOR IHE -MANUFAGTURB 0F GAS.

. Patented Feb. 7,1888.

N. PETERS, Fhob-Llhogrlpher. Washngon. D. C.

UNITEDl STATES ,y

PATENT vOFEicE.

THOMAS R. STILLMAN, OE HOROKEN, NEW JERSEY, ASSIGNOR OE THREE- EOURTHS To CHARLES R. HARRIS, OE NEw YORK, N. Y.

SPECIFICATION forming pai-tof lLetters Patent N0. 377.694, dated February 7. 1888, Application tiled March 25, 1866. SerialNo. 196,575. (No model.)

vThe operation of the-apparatus in the prac- To all whom it may concern:

Beit known that I, THOMAS B. STILLMAN, of the city of Hoboken, in the county of Hudson and State of New Jersey, have invented a new and Improved Apparatus for the Manufacture of Illuminating-Gas, of which the following is a specification.

I have invented an improved process of manufacturing gas from liquid hydrocarbon,

which forms the subject-matter of another application filed September 26,1886, and numbered 214, 208. Y That process, stated broadly, consists in the volatilization of hydrocarbon gases from oil, and then subjecting such hydrocarbon gases, when mixed with steam, to heat in the presence of heated or ignited carbonaceous material-such, for instance, as coke or coal.

The apparatus forming the Subj ect-matter of this application is more especially designed for the practice of that process, though I do not wish to be understood as limiting its use to that particular purpose.

In the accompanying drawings, Figure 1 is a front elevation of my improved furnace, and Fig. 2 a longitudinal section through the gasconverting'retorts.

I employ two retorts, A and B, the former being arranged within the latter, which is suitably mounted in the furnace. The interior retort, A, is shown as supported upon standards or uprights gg, and its bottom isinclined slightly from the rear toward the front, so as readily to deliver any matter remaining in the retort A, as presently described, through an aperture, e, into the exterior retort, B. At

the top of the retort A, and also preferably near its front end, is an aperture, d, for the escape of hydrocarbon gases into the retort B, as presently described.

c is an escape-pipe leading from the retort B to the gas-receivers. Ihe retort B is provided with doors f and h for the purpose of introducing coal, coke, or other suitable carbonaceous material into the retort. An injector, S, for injecting steam is also arranged in the front face of the retort B, being shown in this instance as mounted in the door h. A

tice of my improved process is as follows:

The exterior retort, B, is filled or partly lled` with coke or coal or other suitable carbonaceous material, and a proper heat being developed in the furnace, oil is injected into the retort A, preferably commingled with steam, in the form of a spray. The retort A should be heated to Such a temperature-say, for instance, 900 Fahrenheit to 1,500 Fahreuheitthat the lighterilluminating hydrocarbons are not cracked up77 into marshgas and hydrogen, (non-illuminants,) but after being distilled or volatilized fromthe oil pass from the rear end of the retort A, and, returning to the front, enter the retortB at d mingled with the steam. The mixed steam and light hydrocar bon gases are then, in the presence of heated coke or other carbonaceous material in the retort B, heated to such a temperature (the lowest possible to produce a proper chemical change)say 3,5000--that the steam is properly decomposed, audits hydrogen unites with the partially decomposed hydrocarbons of the oil to form a series of light hydrocarbon gases. The xed gas produced in this manner is then vcarried off through the pipe c to a suitable vthis purpose, and also in such quantitiesas may be desirable tor reduce the luminosity of the gas to the required degree. y

I am aware of the patent of Archer, No. 341,622, which shows two vertical retorts arranged one within the other, and I do notclaim any subject-matter shown or described in that patent.

I claim as my invention- 1. In an apparatus for the manufacture of gas from oil, the combination of an exterior retort adapted to be mounted in a suitable furnace or flre-place,and having an exit for coml munication with a suitable gas-receiver, and

an interior stationary retort having an inlet for the introduction of oil, and also upper and lower exits which lead into the exterior retort,

substantially as and for the purpose set forth..

2. In an apparatus for the manufacture of gas from oil, the combination, substantially as set forth, of an exterior retort adapted to be mounted in a suitable tire-place or furnace,and having an exit, c, an interior retort having an upper exit, cl, leading into the exterior retort, and of such size and so arranged with reference to the exterior retort that the space between the two retorts may be lled with coal or coke, for the purpose set forth, and an in- 

